Estimating Environmental Costs
نویسندگان
چکیده
Added demands on natural resources and proposed environmental regulations could potentially have a significant impact on the production and operational costs of information technology (IT). In this paper, we utilize an Economic Input-Output Life-Cycle Assessment (EIO-LCA) framework to model projected changes in the cost structure of a portfolio of IT products due to increased electricity prices and a carbon tax on producers and consumers. Our analysis suggests that the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) for IT in a large enterprise could increase by up to 13% depending on the incidence of taxation. We conclude by discussing how this changing IT cost environment will further incentivize the design of energyand carbon-efficient IT products.
منابع مشابه
A Quantitative Method for Estimating Probable Public Costs of Hurricanes.
/ A method is presented for estimating probable public costs resulting from damage caused by hurricanes, measured as local government expenditures approved for reimbursement under the Stafford Act Section 406 Public Assistance Program. The method employs a multivariate model developed through multiple regression analysis of an array of independent variables that measure meteorological, socioeco...
متن کاملA method for a comparison of bulk energy transport systems.
We model alternatives for moving bulk energy, including both private costs and accounting for environmental externalities by requiring the transport system to satisfy environment health, and safety standards. In particular, we focus on the cost and environmental trade-offs between "coal by wire," mine-mouth generation with electricity transmission, and transporting the primary energy resources ...
متن کاملEstimating direct and indirect costs of premenstrual syndrome.
OBJECTIVE To quantify the economic impact of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) on the employer. METHODS Data were collected from 374 women aged 18-45 with regular menses. Direct costs were quantified using administrative claims of these patients and the Medicare Fee Schedule. Indirect costs were quantified by both self-reported days of work missed and lost productivity at work. Regression analyses ...
متن کاملTRANSPORT COST ANALYSIS : a case study of the total costs of private and public transport in Auckland
The current level of motorised transportation worldwide is increasingly a social, environmental and economic problem. Transport benefits come alongside injuries and death, unproductive travel time, energy dependence, and environmental damage. One reason for the increasing problem results from externalising various impacts on society. Many of these external – or ‘unpaid’ costs have only graduall...
متن کاملEstimating Pollution Abatement Costs of Salmon Aquaculture: A Joint Production Approach
Salmon aquaculture generates good output (i.e., salmon) and bad output (e.g., pollution). A joint production function approach is applied to model both outputs simultaneously. Two environmental production technologies are specified, namely, regulated and unregulated technologies. Two production functions with different mapping rules are applied. Pollution abatement costs are estimated based on ...
متن کامل